| י180) חופזי קטן | ||||||||||
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:חופזי קטן , דומה מאוד לחופמי זהוב, אבל קטן ממנו . רגליו ארוכות יותר וצבעו צהוב יותר , חזהו ובטנו שחורים, לצידי גופו פס לבן צר . גבו וכנפיו מנומרים בצהוב-חום ושחור . הנקבה קטנה במקצת מהזכר ופחות שחורה בית גידולו טונדרות יבשות, טונדרות מיוערות . וערבות המכוסות באבנים ואזוב . בחורף לאורך חופים, משטחי חול ובוץ . בארץ עובר אורח אקראי ומבקר חורף נדיר | ||||||||||
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Subspecies and Distribution.
Pluvialis fulva NC and NW Russia, W Alaska. Winters from E Africa through SAsia and Indonesia to Oceania, Australia and New Zealand. Small numbers in California. םםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםם םםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםם םםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםם | ||||||||||
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Descriptive notes.
25 cm, 100-200 g, wingspan 60-70 cm. Black underparts with narrow white flanking line, vent tends to be mostly white with scattering of black. Very similar to P. apricaria and P. dominica, but smaller, has longer legs and is yellower than apricaria, with brownish grey underwing, and wings clearly longer than tail. Female somewhat less black than male. Non-breeding adult has yellowish buff on breast, grading to whitish on belly and vent. Habitat. Breeds in drier parts of typical tundra, but not on coastline, on shrub tundra, rarely forest tundra, and on stony well drained upland, with moss and lichens. Winters in coastal areas, in fields sith short grass, prairies, ploughed land, salt-marshes, beaches and open sandflats and mudflats. Young birds occur more frequently on mud by inland waters and tidal flats. Food and Feeding. Normally insects, molluscs, worms, crustaceans and spiders, but berries particularly important on tundra occasionally seeds and leaves. Feeds in typical plover style, also gleans and probes in mud, sand and pastures. Feeds alone or in flocks of 100 birds or more. Breeding Jun in North. Monogamous. High degree of site fidelity, especially so for males. Often breeding within 100 m of nest site of previous year, and sometimes n same nest cup. Nest on dry spots, on hummock, lichen, or moss tundra, nest is shallow scrape, lined with lichens. clutch 4 eggs, incubation 26 days by both sexes. Chick has black and bright yellow upperparts and white underparts. After hatching, chicks and parents move to moist shrubby or grassy tundra or patches with green moss. Chick tended by both parents. Movements. Migratory. Appears in Siberian tundra in early Jun. Taymyr population migrates over middle taiga along River Yenisey in late May, stopping in parties of 5-7 birds at thawed patches in forest opening and near villages. Some birds migrate E in broad front across taiga. Southward migration takes place in large folocks, and at night. Some Alaskan breeders fly 4500 km nonstop across Pacific Ocean to Hawaiian Is in Aug. Arrival in Fiji in early Sep, New Zealand in Oct. E Africa and E Asia probably reached by overland migration across W Siberia. Status and Conservation. Not globally threatened. Population wintering in SW and SC Asiaprobably 100.000 birds and CE and SE Asia at liast 100.000 birds. Israel. In Israel subspecies Pluvialis fulva. Occasional visitor or very rare passage migrant. |
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