| י204) ביצנית עדינה | ||||||||||
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:ביצנית עדינה . ביצנית קטנה ועדינה דומה לביצנית ירוקת רגל , נבדלת ממנה במקורה הישר והדק יותר . מצחה ופניה לבנים ובשעת מעופה רגליה בולטות מעבר לזנבה בלבוש החורף היא הביצנית הבהירה ביותר בארץ, חלקי גופה . העליונים אפורים בהירים, קודקודה מפוספס בקוים עדינים חומים . פניה לבנים ופס הגבה בולט בהם וגחונה לבן . בקיץ מתכהה צבעה והגוון החום הופך לחום שוקולד. הזויגים דומים בית גידולה ביצות, ערבות בוציות ושוליים בוציים של מקוי מים מתוקים . או מלוחים במקצת . עוברת אורח מצויה ברוב מרחבי הארץ וחורפת נדירה בצפון | ||||||||||
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Subspecies and Distribution.
Tringa stagnatilis W Russia and E Ukraine to EC Siberia. Winters from Mediterranean and sub Saharan Africa through Parsian Gulf and S Asia to Indonesia and Australia. םםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםם םםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםם | ||||||||||
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Descriptive notes.
20-25 cm, 45-120 g wingspan 55-60 cm. Straightish, needle like bill, small body and long legs. Looks like small, fine T. nrbulstis. Wings dark, rump and back white, face pale, upperparts strongly spotted and blotched with greyish cinnamon and black-brown. Foreneck, breast and flanks with black markings. Female averages slightly larger. Non-breeding adult has plain grey upperpants with narrow white fringes and contrasting dark wing coverts. Face and underparts white. Juvenile as non-breeding, but upperparts browner with buff spots and fringes. Habitat. Steppe and boreal wetlands, deep inland, preferably in open marshland with fresh grassy cover. Brackish shallow marshes, less frequently around salt-lakes. Outside breeding season, occurs typically at margins of inland fresh to brackish wetlands, including paddy fields, swamps, salt-pans, salt-marshes, sewage farms, estuaries, lagoons and intertidal mudflats. Avoids open beaches. On migration often feeds alongside Common Greenshank. Food and Feeding. Diet includes at least small fish, crustaceans, molluscs and many insects, mostly aquatic, sometimes terrestrial. Occasionally plant material. Often feeds in shallow water, pecking from water surface, while walking steadily and briskly. Sometimes probes, jabs or sweeps bill through water. rarely swims. When feeding on fish, may forage socially in dense flock of conspecifics or mixed with other tringines, moving erratically while picking at prey or running synchronously in one direction while ploughing or scything bill trough water. Breeding. Apr-Jun. Monogamous. Soitary or in loose colonies. Sometimes together with another species, (Chlidonias, T. totanus, Vanellus vanellus or Limosa limosa). Nest placed on mound, in short vegetation, close to water. Usually filled wih dry grass. 4 eggs, both sexes incubate and tend brood. Chick creamy buff above with blackish brown markings, face, chin and belly almost white. Age of first breeding 1 year. Movements. Migratory. Generally scarce at stopover sites and many birds fly long distances overland on broad front. Main passage from USSR occurs E of Black Sea, through Kazkhstan and Middle East towards E and S Africa. Few birds cross Slovakia, Hungary, Balkans, Italy and E Mediterranean. Lesscommonly, though regularly, through W Europe. Nile Valley in SUdan frequently used as stopover, whereafter Sahara is crossed diagonally to W and WC African wintering grounds, where species present Spt-Apr. In Asia, passes through C Mongolia, C NE and coastal China, Korea, Japan, Hong Kong, Myanmar, Malaysia and Sumatra. In E Australia, may move away from coast after rains, and as in C Australia, disperse among temporary inland wetlands. Status and Conservation. Not globally threatened. Population of W African and Palearctic winterers estimated 100.000 birds, and in India and Sri Lanka estimated 90.000 birds. Israel. In Israel subspecies Tringa stagnatilis. Common passage migrant over lowland of Israel and scarce winter visitor. |
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