| י205) ביצנית ירוקת-רגל | ||||||||||
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:ביצנית ירוקת-רגל . הגדולה בביצניות, דומה לביצנית העדינה אך גדולה ממנה , דומה גם לביצנית לבנת-כנף אך לכנפיה אין שולים לבנים . והיתד הלבן שעל גבה ארוך יותר . מקורה ארוך,אפרפר ונטוי כלפי מעלה. רגליה ארוכות ובצבע זית בהיר . חלקי גופה העליונים אפורים, סוככות כנפיה עטורות בשולים בהירים . הראש והצואר לבנים ומפוספסים באפור והגחון לבן . במעופה מתגלה גבה, שתה ובסיס הזנב הלבנים היוצרים צורת יתד . בית גידולה טייגות, ביצות וקרחות יער בוציים . בזמן הנדידה בשולי מקוי מים בוציים . בארץ עוברת אורח מצויה לאורך מישור החוף, וחורפת שכיחה פחות בעיקר בצפון . | ||||||||||
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Subspecies and Distribution.
Tringa nebularia N Scotland and S candinavia E through C Asia to E Siberia and Kamchatka. Winters from W Europe through Mediterranean to Africa, and E through Middle East to S Asia, Indonesia and Australia. םםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםם םםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםם | ||||||||||
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Descriptive notes.
30-35 cm, 125-280 g, wingspan 70 cm. Largest Tringa with long, robust, slightly uptilted bill and dull green legs. Upperparts spotted and streaked black-brown, lesser wing coverts browner. Head, neck and upper breast streaked brown-black. In flight, shows dark wings, white back and rump. Paler above than T. melanoleuca, with longer legs than former. Female averages slightly larger. Non-breeding adult has feathers of upperparts rather uniform grey, without dark markings. Breast, foreneck and face white. Stronger contrasting dark wing coverts. Juvenile resembles non-breeding adult, but upperparts browner with buff fringes and neck and breast somewhat more streaked. Habitat. Taiga zone, in forest clearings, woody moorland or open bogs and marshes, including blanket bog. Characteristic of northern and middle taiga. On migration, occurs at inland flooded meadows, dried-up laces, sandbars and marshes. Winters in variety of fershwater and marine wetlands, including estuaries, sandy or muddy coastal flats, salt marshes, mangroves, swamps and lakes. Less often on open coast, sometimes along quiet stretches of rivers. Food and Feeding. Diet chiefly insects, especially beetles, but also crustaceans, annelids, molluscs, amphibians and small fish. Usually pecks and probes in shallow water walking with steady pass, sometimes running with erratic changes of direction. When feeding on fish may forage socially in dense flocks of conspecifics or mixed with other tringines, moving erratically while pecking at prey or running synchronously in one direction, ploughing or scything bill through water. Singly or in small to large flocks of up to 100's. Feeds diurnally and nocturnally. Breeding. Apr-Jun. Usually monogamous, though some males bigamous. High degree of site fidelity, but not natal philopatry. Nest is shallow scrape lined with some plant material, on ground in the open, typically placed next to piece of dead wood. 4 eggs, single brood, incubation 24 days, by both sexes, but males with two mates normally do little incubation. Chick pale grey marked above with fuscous black, white belly. Movements. Migratory, though some populations move only short distances. Migrates overland on broad front, but largest numbers pass through coastal sites. Movements over Europe mainly SSW-SW. Wadden Sea used by many Fenno-Scandian birds as stopover and moulting site from late Apr to mid May. Some move to Morocco. Most Palearctic birds are trans Saharan migrants. Spring migration more direct, without large coastal concentrations. Birds from Russia wintering in Africa are presumed to cross E and S Europe. In E Asia, passes through Kuril Is, Commander Is, Korea, Japan, NE China and New Guinea, mainly to coastal N Australia. Status and Conservation. Not globally threatened. In Europe and W Africaseveral 100.000's of birds, and in Asia probably 100.000 birds.. Israel. In Israel subspecies Tringa nebularia. Very common passage migrant over most areas, and uncommon winter visitor, mainly in center and north. | .
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