| י210) ביצנית לבנת-כנף | ||||||||||
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:ביצנית לבנת-בטן בצנית קטנה, רגליה קצרות ומרבה לנענע בזנבה . ראשה וחלקי גופה העליונים אפורים חומים . גחונה, צדי שתה, זנבה ופס כנפה לבנים . מקורה בינוני, ישר ואפרפר, קצהו כהה . רגליה אפרפרות צהובות ואצבעה האחורית מוגבהת . נוהגת להתבודד ומרבה לעוף קרוב לפני המים בנפנוף כנפים מהיר . בית גידולה גדות נחלים, אגמים ומקוי מים מתוקים, לגונות ומפרצי ים מוגנים . בארץ עוברת אורח מצויה וחורפת שכיחה ברוב חלקי הארץ המישוריים . | ||||||||||
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Subspecies and Distribution.
Actitis hypoleucos Europe E across C Asia to Kamchatka and Japan. Winters from W Europe and Africa to Middle East and S Asia to Indonesia and Australia. םםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםם םםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםם | ||||||||||
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Descriptive notes.
20 cn, 35-85 g, wingspan 40 cn. Small, short legged sandpiper, with pale eye-ring. Greenish brown upperparts, white underparts with dark lateral breast patches. Dark brown streaks and marks on upperparts. In flight, shows dark rump and white wingbar. Female averages slightly larger than male. Non-breeding adult has faintly barred olive brown upperparts. Less streaking on head. Habitat. Usually on margins of water bodies, mostly riverbanks, preferably with pebbles, sand or rocks amd patches of dry meadows. Also small ponds, lake shores, sheltered sea coasts. Outside breeding season, in wide variety of habitats, such as coastal shores, estuaries, salt marshes, inland wetlands, riverbanks and tidal creeks in mangroves. Sometimes on grassland, along roadsides in urbanized areas. Food and Feeding. Diet includes insects, crustaceans, molluscs, spiders and annelids, sometimes tadpoles, frogs and small fish. Occasionally plant material. During breeding season, adults and young chicks frequently feed on grassland. Prey located visually. Feeds mainly by pecking and stabbing, free stalking and dashing, rarely by probing. Run quickly, frequently pausing with tail moving up and down and head bobbing. Insects often caught from surface, or pulled out from rocks or mud, sometimes washes prey before eating it. Mostly forages singly, defending feeding territory, but sometimes in small parties. Mainly diurnal forager. Breeding. May-Jun. Monogamous. High degree of site fidelity and low degree of natal philopatry. Nest in sheltered depression, sometimes among shrubs and trees. 4 eggs, incubation 21 days, by both sexes. Chick greyish brown, above faintly stippled dusky and with fuscous black mid-line on crown and back, and narrow eyeline. Brood tended by both sexes, but one parent, often female, usually leaves before young fledge. Age of first breeding 1year. Movements. Migratory. Move to S wintering areas, though some stay in N maritime climatic zone. Moves overland on broad fronts, even across deserts and mountains, usually singly or in small flocks. European population mainly winters in W Africa, and basically moves SSW-SW from Jul to Aug, moves N from Mar to Apr. Many Nprwegian birds cross Britain, Swedish birds cross W Germany, Finnish cross E Germany. E Asia birds move through Korea, Japan, Hong Kong, Peninsular Malaysia and New Guinea. Many immatures remain in N wintering quarters all year. Migrates at night. Status and Conservation. Not globally threatened. European breeding population estimated at up to 900.000 pairs, most of them found in Fenno-Scandia. Israel. In Israel subspecies Actitis hypoleucos. Common passage migrant and winter visitor over most low areas. |
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