| י215) חופית אמריקנית | ||||||||||
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:חופית אמריקנית . חופמאי בהיר מרוב בני מינו . חלק גופו העליון חום אפרפר, חלקו המרכזי כהה יותר . החזה וצידי הגוף מפוספסים בפסים כהים . בית גידולה בתקופת הקינון, טונדרות לחות עם שיחי אברש, בקרבת מים . בתקופת הנדידה לאורך חופי ים חוליים עשירים בסחופת של גאות ושפל . בארץ עוברת אורח אקראית נדירה ביותר . | ||||||||||
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Subspecies and Distribution.
Calidris pusilla N Canada and N and W Alaska. Winters on Pacific coast from Mexico to S Peru, and on Atlantic coast from Yucat'an and West Indies to C Argentina. םםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםם םםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםם | ||||||||||
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Descriptive notes.
14 cm, 20-40 g, wingspan 35 cm. Plumage duller than in most congeners. Brownish grey upperparts with dark centre to scapulars. Breast and flanks with dark streaks. Toes partly webbed, and legs shorter. Female averages larger. Non-breeding adult plain grey brown above. Dark crown and eyestripe. Face, breast and flanks white. Faint lateral breast patches. Habitat. High and low Arctic and subarctic wet sedge or heath tundra, often near pools, rivers and lakes. River deltas in dry shrubby areas, and sandy areas along rivers. Non-breeding habitat mainly coastal, on sandy beaches and intertidal mudflats, also in shallow lagoons with dead mangroves. Food and Feeding. On breeding season mainly beetles, also spiders, snails and seeds. During migration, small aquatic and marine invertebrates, snails, molluscs and polychaetes, some terrestrial invertebrates such as insects and spiders. Pecks and probes. Highly gregarious, occasionally when food scarce and patchy, defends feeding territory. Breeding. Jun-Jul. Monogamous. Territorial. Low degree of natal philopatry. Nest is mere depression filled with plant matter, often on top of small island or hill, under willow bush or small birch tree, or in tussock. 4 3ggs, single brood, incubation 21 days, by both sexes. Female usually leaves brood up to 10 days after hatching. Age first breeding 1 year. Movements. Migratory. non-stop flights of up to 4000 km. Flocks of up to 350.000 birds may gather at key stopover sites. Few move to S Florida most to West Indies and N South America, mainly Surinam and French Guiana. Alaskan birds move across Great Plains, sometimes farther E, especially on way S. E Canadian population crosses W Atlantic to West Indies, with return migration up Atlantic coast. Status and Conservation. Not globally ghreatened. total population estimated at 3.500.000 birds. Israel. In Israel subspecies Calidris pusilla. Straggler. One recorded at Eilat (16.5.1989). |
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