| י217) חופית קטנה | ||||||||||
| ||||||||||
|
:חופית קטנה . החופמאי הקטן והמצוי ביותר בארץ . דומה לחופית טמניק, אך קטנה ממנה ורגליה שחורות ולא צהובות . בחורף חלקי גופה העליונים אפרפרים ומנומרים באפור, לבן ושחור . גחונה לבן. במעופה בולט זנבה האפור, שתה העליון לבן ומרכז אברותיה שחור . בקיץ הצבע האפרפר בחזה ובגב הופך לערמוני עד כתום , ראשה קטן, צוארה קצר ומקורה דק וישר. זנבה קצר ורבוע . גופה מכונס וקטן ורגליה כהות . בית גידולה טונדרות יבשות עם עצי ערבה, בקרבת ביצות . בחורף ליד חופי ים, לגונות ושפכי נהרות , בארץ עוברת אורח שכיחה ומצויה לאורך חופי הים וברכות דגים . חורפת מצויה בשפלה ובעמקים הצפוניים | ||||||||||
|
Subspecies and Distribution.
Calidris minuta N Scandinavea throug NW Siberia to New Siberian Is and R Yana. Winters from Mediterranean and Africa trough Arabian Peninsola and Parsian Gulf E to Indian Subcontinent. םםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםם םםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםם | ||||||||||
|
Descriptive notes.
13 cn, 17-45 g, wingspan 30 cm.Tiny, stint with short bill, feathers of upperparts have dark brown cintres and pale rufous fringes or tips. Mantle with yellowish edges forming distinct "V". Head, neck and breast rufous buff with brown streaks, rest of underparts, throat and chin white. Female averages larger. Non-breeding adult has brownish grey upperparts mottled dark and fringed pale, crown gey, streaked dark, eyestripe and sides of breast dull grey, rest of face and underparts white. Habitat. Tundra, chiefly on dry ground, often among dwarf willows, near swampy areas or salt marshes. On migration found at small inland waters and riverbanks, or coastal, on mudflats and seashore. In winter quarters mainly coastal, at estuarine mudflats, enclosed lagoons, tidal creeks, also at inland fresh waters. Food and Feeding. Invertebrates. On breeding season Diptera and small beetles. After breeding also ants, water-bugs, annelids, small molluscs, crustaceans, freshwater mites and plant material. Feeds by rapid pecking actions, sometimes probes. Detects prey by sight. Gregarious, in small to large flocks, sometimes up to several thousand birds, and sometimes defends feeding territory. Breeding. Jun-Jul. Monogamous, polygynous or polyandrous. Little or no fidelity to breeding site. Nest on ground, exposed, but sometimes covered by vegetation, and lined with leaves and pieces of grass. 4 eggs, incubation 21 days, by both parents, but in cases of polygamy by male or female only. Polyandrous females may incubate a second clutch. Chick orange to tawny, mottled above with black bands and dense rows of white or pale down tips, white underparts. Chic care by one parent. Movements. Migratory. Movements S SW in Jun-Nov, Birds returning May-Jun. Finnish and Swedish population crosses C Europe, Italy, Mediterranean, France and Tunisia, also major routes between C Mediterranean and Black Sea, and via Caspian Sea and Kazakhstan lakes to and from E and S Africa, apparently following route via Rift Valley lakes. W and C Siberian breeders presumably winter in India, passing through Kazakhstan and also N through Mongolia and Tuva. Small numbers may migrate along E Asian coasts, including Hong Kong and Philippines. Status and Conservation. Not globally threatened. Population wintering in coastal W Africa and Europe estimated at 200.000 birds, in Asia estimated 400.000 birds. Israel. In Israel subspecies Calidris minuta. Common winter visitor over low-lying parts, and abundant passage migrant overall the country. |
| |||||||||
| HOME | NEXT | |||||||||
