י193) חרטומית מזרחית


Swinhoe's Snipe
Swinhoe's Snipe
Swinhoe's Snipe










Gallinago megala
Gallinago megala
Gallinago megala



:חרטומית מזרחית
. בינונית בגודלה, דומה מאוד לחרטומית חדת-זנב
. נבדלת ממנה בפספוס של חלקי גופה העליונים הברורים יותר
. בזמן מעופה הבוהן בולטת מקצה זנבה
, בית גידולה משתרע מדרום מרכז רוסיה
. מונגוליה, אינדונסיה ועד לצפון אוסטרליה
, בית חיותה בשולי אזורים מיוערים רחבי עלים
. מערוצי נחלים ועד שדות מרעה בקו העצים בהרים
. שלא בתקופת הדגירה, מעדיפה אזורים לחים וביצתיים
. בארץ אקראית ונדירה ביותר, נצפתה במשך חודשיים ב1998
Subspecies and Distribution.
Gallinago megala CS Siberia and N Mongolia, Amurland and Ussuriland.
Winters from S & E India to E & S China and Taiwan, and thrugh Malay, Philippines and Indonesia to N Australia. םםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםם םםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםם םםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםם
Descriptive notes.
Medium-sized snipe, very similar to Gallinago stenura anf. Gallinago hardwickii
40-44 cm, 80-165 g, wingspan 38-45 cm. Primaries project beyond tertials slightly more than G. stenura, paired buffish white spots on tips of upperwing coverts more clearly marked than in two species, in flight, toes project only slightly beyond tail tip.
Pale panel across median upperwing coverts, evident in flight, with white trailing edge virtually absent.
Female very similar to male, but bill averages slightly longer. No seasonal variation.
Habitat.
In or at margins of, deciduous or mixed open woodland, river valleys, and grassy localities near marshes and striams, usually favours drier and enclosed sites. Sometimes on alpine meadows at tree-line.
During non-breeding period, found at edges of wetlands, including marshy areas, paddyfields, sewage farms and freshwater streams. Often feeds among hummocks or on mudflats around seepage areas.

Food and Feeding

Diet includes earthworms, glow-worms, adult and larval insects, such as beetles and ants, terrestrial gastropods and seeds. Crepusecular and nocturnal, mainly solitary

Breeding.

May-Jul. Monogamous. Flight disply usually solitary, but can apparently be performed by flock, flying in large circles above forest. Scattered solitary pairs at highly variable densitises, 2-50 pairs/km2. Highest concentrations in industrial clear-cuts in boreal mountain forests.
3-5 eggs, single brood, males do not participate in incubation.
Food and Feeding.
Diet includes molluscs, insects and there larvae, earthworms, occasionally crustaceans, seeds and other plant matter.
Feeds by probing in soft ground, or pecking from surface. Crepuscular, nocturnal and whin undisturbed, diurnal.
Breeding
May-Jul. Monogamous. Flight disply usually solitary, but can apparently be performed by flock, flying in large circles above forest. Scattered solitary pairs at highly variable densitises, 2-50 pairs/km2. Highest concentrations in industrial clear-cuts in boreal mountain forests.
3-5 eggs, single brood, males do not participate in incubation.
Movements.
Migratory. Post-breeding movement through Russia chiefly towards SE, then apparently via Mongolia, China, Taiwan and Philippines, present in Australia Nov-Feb.
Status and Conservation.
Not globally threatend. Total population probably numbers 30,000 - 100,000 birds (1992).
Israel.
In Israel subspecies Gallinago megala. Straggler, recorded and photographed Feb-Nar 1998.

Gallinago megala
(in Israel)




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