| י198) לימוזה חומת-בטן | ||||||||||
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:לימוזה חומת-בטן . דומה ללימוזה המצויה, שונה ממנה בחוסר הלבן בכנפיה ובניגוד שבין שחור קצות הכנף לסוככות ואברות האמה . בזמן מעופה, ורגליה אינן בולטות מזנבה קשתית העין חומה, המקור בסיסו ורדרד וקצהו שחור . ונוטה כלפי מעלה ורגליה אפורות. בקיץ בולטת בצבע החלודה , לנקבה הבטן לבנה. בית גידולה מישורים וחורשות טונדרה . עמקי נהרות וחורשות עצים ליד מקוי מים . בארץ עוברת אורח וחורפת נדירה לאורך חוף ים התיכון ואילת | ||||||||||
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Subspecies and Distribution.
L. l. islandica Iceland, Faeroes, Shetland aand Lofoten Is. Winters in Ireland, Britain, W France, spain and Portugal. L. l. lapponica Lappland W through Kanin Peninsula to Taymyr. Winters from North Sea, W Iberia and NW Africa to W South Africa and to Persian Gulf and W India. L. l. menzbieri N Siberia between R Khatanga and Kolyma Delta. Winters SW Asia to NW Australia, . L. l. baueri NE Siberia, E of R Kolyma, to W Alaska. Winters from China to New Zealand and some Pacific Is.םםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםם םםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםם םםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםם | ||||||||||
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Descriptive notes.
39 cm, 190-600 g, wingspan 70-80 cm. Medium sized godwit with slightly upcurved bill and barred tail. In flight, lacks white wingbar and has white underwing. Virtually no barring on undeparts, upperparts fringed chestnut. Shorter legs and bill, and less upright stance than other godwits. Less white on rufous underparts than L. limosa. Female larger with longer bill, and much paler. Non-breeding adult has upperparts pale grey-brown, partly edged whitish. Breast turns grey , with fine dark streaking. Habitat. Lowland scrub and forest tundra, rolling uplands, wet river vallyes and open larch woodland close to water bocies. After breeding, mainly in intertidal areas, preferably sandy parts of estuaries, inlets, mangrove fringed lagoons, sheltered bays. locally at inland wetlands and short grass meadows. Food and Feeding. Diet on breeding grounds mainly comprises insects, annelids, molluscs, occasionally seeds and berries. Feeds by pecking, stitching or probing. Longer-billed females tend to feed in deeper water. Outside breeding season, feeds in flocks, along edge of tide. Breeding. May-Jun. Monogamous. Nest usually on dry, elevated sites, often between clumps of grass, depression lined with bits of vegetation and lichens. 4 eggs, single brood, incubation 21 days, by female at night and male during day. Chick pale vinaceous cinnamon to pinkish cinnamon to nearly white on belly, brownish cap and dark brown bands and mottles on back, wing-pads and thighs. Age of first breeding 2 years. Movements. Race lapponica wintering in Europe originates from N Europe and Russia to Yamal Peninsula. Birds breeding further E winter in W Africa, Sep-Apr, staging at at W European intertidal areas during mid Apr-May. Females winter further S than males. Major migration passes through North Sea basin and Baltic, only some through Caspian Sea area, presumably birds wintering in S Africa. In E Asia, menzbiere and baueri , commonly migrate through W Kamchatka, Japan and Korea. Wintering birds in NW Australia are likely to be or race menzbiere, while SE Australian birds possibly originate from Alaska. Alaskan birds move down Bering Sea coast and Aleutian Is. Status and Conservation. Not globally threatened. European wintering population estimated at 120.000 in 1980's, but may now be increasing. Israel. In Israel subspecies L. l. lapponica. Rare passage migrant and winter visitor along Mediterranean coast and at Eilat. |
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