| י230) חמסן דרומי | ||||||||||
| ||||||||||
|
:חמסן גדול . חמסן גדול וכבד, צבעו חום כהה וכתמים לבנים באברותיו . כנפיו רחבות, זנבו קצר דומה לשחף כספי מתבגר . מעופו כבד משל שחף אבל זריז ביותר ברדיפה אחרי עופות אחרים , בית גידולו חופי ים ואיים מבודדים . דוגר בצפון אנגליה ואיסלנד ובדרום אמריקה ואנטרטיקה . חורף באוקיינוס האטלנטי ובמערב הים התיכון . בארץ עובר אורח מזדמן נדיר ביותר | ||||||||||
|
Subspecies and Distribution.
Catharacta maccormicki Antarctic continent, especially in Ross Sea. Winters as far N as Alaska and Greenland. םםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםם םםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםם | ||||||||||
|
Descriptive notes.
50-55 cm, 900-1500 g, wingspan 135 cm. Two color morphs. Pale birds show strong contrast between pale golden brown to smoke grey body plumage and dark brown wings, back and tail. Darm morph birds have dark brownish olive body, head and neck, and very similar sepia wings and back, so appear less "two tone" and can be more easily confused with C. skua. Birds become paler with age, and amongst adults plumage faces to a lighter tone through the breeding season. Pale morph birds predominate in Ross Sea area, while dark morph birds predominate on Antarctic Peninsula. Habitat. Marine. Being pelagic in winter and and feeding at sea while breeding. Breeds on relatively snow free areas in Antarctica, associated with penguin or petrel colonies. Predominantly coastal, but forms small colonies inland in snow free mountain areas. Food and Feeding. Especially Antarctic silverfish, caught at sea some distance from the breeding colony. Predation on eggs and chicks of penguins is of variable importance to particular pairs or at particular colonies, but is generally secondary to catching fish. Breeding. Nov. Loosely colonial, highly territorial. Nest scrape usually unlined. 2 eggs, incubation 29-31 days. Chick has uniformly colored pale grey brown down. Older chick usually kills younger one, and breeding success characteristically low. Sexual maturity at 6 years. Movements. Transequatorial migrant, departing from breeding grounds in Mar and returning Oct-Nov. Many Northern Hemisphere are of immature birds, as far north as Greenland, Japan and British Columbia. Wintering areas thought to be throughout North Pacific and North Atlantic. Status and Conservation. Not globally threatened. Total population estimated at 8.0000 pairs, 6.000 pairs in Ross Sea area. Israel. In Israel subspecies Catharacta maccormicki. Straggler, at beach of Eilat. |
| |||||||||
| HOME | NEXT | |||||||||
