| י289) קוקיה מצויצת | ||||||||||
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:קוקייה מצויצת . עוף טפיל, גודלה כשל יונה, ניכרת בנימור לבן על חלקי גופה העליונים כיפת ראשה והציצה אפורים כסופים, העורף ושאר חלקי גופה . העליונים חומים אפרפרים ומנומרים בלבן. צידי צוארו בצבע הכרכום . הגחון צהבהב לבן. הזנב ארוך, מדורג וצבעו חום . קשתית העין בגוון חום אפור ומסביבה טבעת עור אדומה. המקור והרגלים שחורים . בית גידולה חורשים באזורים יבשים למחצה, במיוחד שיחי שיטה קוצנית שיחים קוצניים אחרים . בארץ מטילה את ביציה לרוב בקיני עורבים שונים בעיקר בקיני עורב אפור , בארץ עוברת אורך שכיחה, נדירה בחורף ודוגרת קיץ שכיחה פחות . בעיקר בשפלות ואזורים נמוכים במרכז וצפון הארץ ... אמר אביי קואי וקוקאי אסירי ... חולין ס"ג ע'א | ||||||||||
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Subspecies and Distribution.
Clamator glandarius Iberian Pennsula, S France and W Italia, urkey and Cyprus to Iraq, Iran, and S through Middle East to Egypt, also sub Saharan Africa from Senegal to Sudan and Ethionia, Somalia and Kenya to Tanzania, Angola and S Africa. Winters in Africa.םםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםם םםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםם | ||||||||||
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Descriptive notes.
Parasitical bird, lays its eggs in the nests of other birds, in Israel, in the nests of Hooded Crow. 35-38 cm, 124 g, wingspan 58 cm. A long-tailled cuckoo with prominent crest, dusky brown above with white feather tips, flight-feathers grey-brown, tail tipped white, crown grey with slight crest, face blackish throat buff, otherwise white below. Eye-ring grey to reddish, iris brown, bill black, and feet black. Habitat. Semi-arid open woodland, especially acacia thorn-scrub, also other scrub, rocky hillsides in dry savannas. In Europe favors savanna-like heathland, often with cork oak or stone pine, also olive groves. Mainly between 500 m and 200 m. Food and Feeding. Seeds of grasses, herbs and various trees, especially Ceitis tala and palm nuts, with thistles very important in breeding season; also fruits, berries, leaf buds, blossoms and insects. Serious pest of maize, sorghum and other cereals, plus sunflowers, peaches, pears and citrus crops. Breeding. Apr-May in Mediterranean. Mar in Egypt, Apr-May in Senegal and Sierra Leone, Apr-Jul in Mali, Ghana and Nigeria, Dec-Mar in Namibia, Apr in Botswqna. Brood-parasitic, hosts crows and magpies in Mediterranean, particularly Black-billed Magpie, Azure-winged Magpie and Hooded Crow. Female can lay 12-25 eggs in a season. Eggs pale greenish with brown and grey marks. Often several cuckoo eggs in one crow nest. Female may damage host's eggs by dropping its own egg on top. Magpies sometimes remove cuckoo eggs from nest, crows do not, incubation 12-15 days, shorter than host. Chick naked, yellow or pink at hatching, gape pink, palate spicules not contrasting in color. When more than one cuckoo chick in magpie nest, younger one may starve. Movements. European birds mostly migrate to Africa, wintering N of 10 degrees N, but possibly many move S of Sahara. Small numbers winter in S Spain. Movements throughout range inadequately known, since breeding and non-breeding birds are indistinguishable. Birds in W Africa appear to be local migrants, though some are resident in Senegal. Occasional migrants recorded Arabia. Rare winter records from Middle East. Vagrant to Britain, N Europe and Russia. Status and Conservation. Not globally threatene. Generally uncommon throughout most of its range, but conspicuous where it does occur. (About 500 pairs estimated to breed in Israel in 1980's). Israel. In Israel subspecies Clamator glandarius. Very rare winter passage migrant but quite common passage migrant throughout the country and uncommon breeding summer visitor of central and northern Israel. |
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