| י 298) קטופה | ||||||||||
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:קטופה , דומה לאח, נבדלת ממנו בציציות אזניה הקצרות יותר . בפספוס העדין יותר שעל חזה וברגליה החשופות מנוצות . צבע נוצותיה אחיד יותר, עיניה צהובות בהירות . כנפיה קצרות ומעוגלות יותר משאר דורסי הלילה וטפריה כפופים ומאונקלים . בית גידולה ליד מקורות מים: נחלים, אגמים וביצות . עיקר מזונה דגים אבל גם צפרדעים וסרטנים בארץ הוכחדה. בעבר היתה יציבה נדירה . בעמקי ונחלי הארץ הצפוניים, נתגלתה במאה ה18 ע"י טריסטרם . בסקר שנערך בשנת 1983 לא נתגלה אף לא פרט אחד . | ||||||||||
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Subspecies and Distribution.
K. z. seminowi Turkey, Israel (probably extinct), and N Syria to NW India. K. z. leschenault India S of Himalayas E to Myanmar and Thailand. K. z. zeylonensis Sri Lanka. K. z. orientalis NE Myanmar to SE China, S to Malay Peninsula, Indochina and Hainan I. םםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםם םםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםם | ||||||||||
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Descriptive notes.
large, flat-headed owl, whit noticeable ear-tufts usually held horizontally. 50-55 cm, 1100 g, wingspan 148 cm. Facial disc buff, with dark brown upper cheeks, crown and upperparts pale chestnut with dark brown mottling and streaking. Wing coverts and flight-feathers dark brown, mottled with whitish-buff. Tail barred brown and buff. Throat white. Underparts buffish-white with dark shaft streaks and thin rufous cross-lines. Tarsus unfeathered. Iris bright yellow. Bill green-grey, tip darker. Legs and feet yollowish. Race leschenault larger and more black above, stronger buff below and semenowi very pale, brighter-colored. Habitat. Deciduous, semi deciduous and open evergreen woodland, well-vegetated ravines, steep banks and canalsides, old plantations and groves with mature trees, almost always near water. In Middle East, occupies undisturbed wadis and valleys with trees and bushes in hilly areas. Food and Feeding. Mainly fish, frogs and freshwater crabs. also crayfish, snakes and lizards, occasionally rodents and birds. Nocturnal and crepuscular, often diurnal. Hunts from perch overlooking water. swoops down and dangles legs in water, seizing prey in talons, also wades after food. Breeding. Nov-May in Indian Subcontinent, Apr in Sri Lanka. Dec in Malay Peninsula. breeds in dry monsoon season when water levels low and fish easily located. Presumed to pair for life. Nest in hollow or suitable depression in tree, or in old raptor nest, on rock ledge, steep stream bank, usually near water. 2 eggs, incubation 34-38 days, by female. Movements. Resident. Status and Conservation. Not globally threatened. Generally uncommon. Israel. In Israel subspecies K. z. seminowi. Former fairly rare local resident in northern Israel. Extirpation in Israel thought to be result of mass poisoning of rodents in 1950's by agricultural chemicals, as well as draining of L Hula and adjacent swamp , and pollution of rivers. |
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