| י 332) עפרונן גמדי | ||||||||||
| ||||||||||
|
:עפרונן גמד דומה לעפרונן קצר אצבעות אך צבעו אפור יותר, כיפת ראשו כהה וחזהו . מפוספס וחסר את הכתמים הכהים, הבדל נוסף הוא מעופו המרפרף ולא גלי . בית גידולו דומה לזה של קצר-האצבעות, אבל טרשי יותר ודל בעשבים . ניתן לראותו בשולי ביצות . בארץ יציב , חורף מצוי ומקנן קיץ ... כנף רננים נעלסה ... איוב לט' יג | ||||||||||
|
Subspecies and Distribution.
C. r. rufescens Tenerife (Canary Is.) C. r. polatzeki Gran Canaria, Fuerteventura, and Lanzarote. C. r. apetzii Spain. C. r. minor N Africa and Middle East, from Sinai to Turkey and C iraq. C. r. nicolli Nile delta. C. r. pseudobaetica E Turkey, N-W Iran and S-E Transcaucasia. C. r. heinei N-E Rumania, USSR from Ukraine, N Caucasus and Turkmeniya to N Afganistan. C. r. aharonee C Turkey. C. r. persica E and S-E Iraq, C and E Iran and S Afghanistan. C. r. leucophaea Kazakhstan and Turkmeniya east to Lake Balkhash. םםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםם םםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםם | ||||||||||
|
Descriptive notes.
13-14 cm, 17-22 g, wingspan 24-32 cm. Small lark with very similar character to Greater Short-toed Lark but differing from adult of that species in more heavily streaked and browner upperparts and chest. Lacks discrete dark marks at shoulder. Pale supercilia fully join aver bill, forming pale forehead. Sexes similar, no seasonal variation. Habitat. Breeds in middle latitudes, in continental steppe, Mediterranean, and semi-desert zones, over lapping widely with Short-toed Lark, and sometimes sharing breeding territories. Seems to subsist on barer, poorer, drier, more saline, or more clayey or gravelly sites than Short-toed Lark, thus reducing real degree of competition even where they exist side by side, filling subtly complementary roles. Food and Feeding. Lsthrly insects in summer, more seeds in spring and autumn and presumably largely seeds in winter. Breeding. Mar-Apr in Canary Is, Apr-Jul Algeria and Tunisia, Apr in Spain, Aug in Saudi Arabia. Nest on ground in shelter of tussock, shallow scrape, lined with vegetation, building by female only. 2 eggs, sub-elliptical, smooth and glossy, very variable, usually whitish, yellowish, or buff, more or less spotted and blotched dark brown. Incubation by female only. Movements. Resident to dispersive in western parts of range, dispersive to migratory in center and east. Sedentary in Spain. In N Africa, large movements reported in Nov-Mar. Central and Eastern populations: Turkey, Middle East, and S USSR, E to Manchuria, mainly migratory over much of USSR breeding range. More widespread in Turkey in winter, and especially during passage periods when quite common on south coast. Status and Conservation. Not globally threatened. Common to most common in his habitat zones. Israel. In Israel five subspecies C. r. minor. Resident and breeding summer visitor in N-C-W Negev and Arava. C. r. heinei. A rare passage migrant and winter visitor, mainly in Arava. C. r. aharonii. Accidental in central Arava. C. r. pseudobaetica. Accidental in Arava. C. r. persica Accidental in Arava. |
| |||||||||
| HOME | NEXT | |||||||||