| י 329) עפרוני פסגות | ||||||||||
| ||||||||||
|
:עפרוני פסגות . דומה לעפרוני ענק, אך קטן ממנו, הענק שלצוארו קטן יותר וצבעו חלוד יותר . פס הגבה בולט, חסר את שפת הזרימה הלבנה, זנבו לבן בקצהו ולא בצדדיו . בית גידולו משתרע מטורקיה דרך סוריה, אירן ועירק ועד טורקמניסטן . מקנן בערבות עשב עם שיחים נמוכים, בשדות טרשים ואף באזורים מדבריים למחצה . בארץ עובר אורח לא שכיח בסתיו ובאביב ודוגר ברמת הגולן והחרמון ... כנף רננים נעלסה ... איוב לט' יג | ||||||||||
|
Subspecies and Distribution.
M. b. bimaculata N-E Turkey, S Transcaucasia and mountains of N-W Iran, perhaps in Ural. M. b. torquata N-E Iran and Turkmeniya. םםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםם םםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםם | ||||||||||
|
Descriptive notes.
16-18 cm, 50 g, wingspan 33-41 cm. Medium sized to large lark, smaller and relatively longer-winged then Calandra Lark, but differing in whiter supercilium, narrower but usually longer black crescents on upper breast, and absence of obvious white trailing edge to wings. Tail shows white terminal band. Sexes similar, no seasonal variation. Race of north-east Turkey and northern Iran bicaculata, distinctly paler, sandier, and greyer above than sympatric M. calandra. Race of central Turkey to Iraq rufescens, distinctly darker and more rufous brown above than nominate and any dark form of M. calandra, appearing very dark in the field. Habitat. In lower middle warm continental latitudes, in higher and rougher parts of steppe zone. Ascends mountains to limit of crops, and occurs on cultivated plateaux at high altitudes Also on dry heath, shrubland, stony tracts, and almost bare steppes. Food and Feeding. Seeds and insects. When taking cultivated sorghum, feeds either by nipping out train from low seed heads, by perching on large seed heads, or by collecting fallen grain. Sometimes diat in Palearctic including invertebrates: grasshoppers, termites, bugs, flies, ants, beetles and spiders. Breeding. Mer-May. On ground in shelter of tussock or low bush, usually shaded from sun at hottest time of day. Nest, shallow scrape, lined with grasses and rootlets, walls of coarser material than floor. Movements. Migratory. Migrate south to Pakistan and north-west India, Middle East, and north-east Africa. Population east of Caspian winters in India, Pakistan, and Iran, while western populations overlap in Middle East and north-east Africa. Status and Conservation. Not globally threatened. Common in Turkey, breeds in large numbers in USSR. Israel. In Israel two subspecies M. b. rufescens a scarce migrant through the country, very rare winterer visitor and breeding summer visitor end M. b. bimaculata a quite rare migrant mainly in eastern Israel. |
| |||||||||
| HOME | NEXT | |||||||||