| י 5 ) טבלן מצויץ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
:טבלן מצויץ | בתקופת החיזור ניכרת בראשו ציצית דו קרנית וצוארון בצבע החלודה , הנפרשים תוך נענועי ראש בזמן משחקי החיזור המרשימים בחורף בולטות לחיו בלובנם, בשעת מנוחה על פני המים צוארו זקוף ובשעת . מעופו מתגלה פס כנף בהיר בית גידולו משתנה בתקופת הדגירה מעדיף מקוי מים מתוקים או מלוחים במקצת המוקפים צמחיה . לאחר הדגירה נמצא באזורים פתוחים . בארץ חורף ועובר אורח מצוי, מקנן נדיר
Subspecies and Distribution.
| P. c. cristatus Palearctic. P. c. infuscatus WC Africa. P.c. australis Australia, New Zealan.
Descriptive notes.
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45-60 cm; 600-1500 g; Unmestakable, with black crest and black tippetsrufous chestnut at base. Non-breeding adult lacks tippets, and wbiter on flanks. Juvenile similar to non-breeding adult, but head and upper neck striped blackish and white. Race australis similar to nominate, buttends to maintain breeding plumage throughout year; race infyscatus lacks white loral line, and also tends to lack seasonal variation. Habitat. For breeding prefers fresh or brackish water, fringed by vegetation, with sizeable sheets of open waer for foraging. Readily accepts artificial water bodies, including reservoirs, ponds, fish ponds, gravel pits an ornamental lakes; also on slow stretches of rivers with backwaters or pools.In tropical Africa, occurs on cold montane lakes, up to 3000 m and above;in New Zealand, occupies alpine and subalpine lakes up to 1000 m, where, incontrast to Palearctic birds, tolerates harsh conditions, including rough water and occasionally waters partially frozen over. Outwith breeding siason,disperses to coasts, estuaries and large, exposed lakes and reservoirs. Food and Feeding Mainly sizeable fish, wide variety of species taken. Takes wide tange of insects andother aquatic invertebrates, crustaceans, especially crayfish and shrimps,and molluscs,including snails; dives average 20-25 seconds performed in areas of open water or with scattered clumps of vegetation. Breeding. Mainly Apr-Jul in Europe; all months in tropical Africa, with peaks usualy inor immediatly after long rains; peak laying Nov-Mar in Australasaia. Nestis platform of aquatic plants,either floating and anchored to vegetation or built from lake bottom. Usually 3-5 eggs; incubation 25-30 days. Sexual maturity at 2 years old. Movements. Migratory and dispersife, especially in N. After breeding, many make local movements to moult on large lakes and reservoirs; others moult on breeding waters. After moult, more marked movement towards coast; concentrations of up to 20,000Netherlands, and 20,000 on Turkish coast of Black Sea; No true migration in Africa,where extensive dispersal related to rains. Status and Conservation. Not globally threatened.Widespread decline in Europe during 19th century due to hunting for plume trade; has since recovered, and with amelioration of climate hasexpanded and increased in N and NW. Israel. In Israel subspecies P. c. cristatus.. Common passage migrant and winter vistor, breed in north Israel.
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