| י 389) חכלילית אדומת-גב | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
:חכלילית העצים | . :חכלילית אדומת-גב . הנמצא בסין Przevalski's redstart ציפור שיר ססגונית. הזכר, דומה בכנפיו וזנבו ל . עטרת ראשו ומפרקתו אפורים בהירים, פניו שחורים, סנטרו, חזהו וצידי גופו אדמוניים . מקורו ורגליו שחורים . בית גידולה משתרע מימת בייקל למונגוליה, סין וטג'יקיסטן , מקום חיותה אזורים סלעיים עם שיחים נמוכים, שדות זרועי אבנים . שולי וקרחות של חורשים מחטניים על מדרונות הרים עד לרום של כ5000 מ' . בארץ נצפתה ותועדה בשנת 1988 ברמת הגולן ע"י דן אלון .
Subspecies and Distribution.
| Phoenicurus erythronotus L Baikal area and N & W Mongolia S to E Kazakhstan, W China (N & W Xinjiang) and N Tadjikistan; non-breeding mainly N Indian Subcontinent. םםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםם םםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםם
Descriptive notes.
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15 cm; 15-22 g. Breeding male has wing and tail like P. alaschanicus, but crown to nape pale grey, with black mask, chin to breast and flanks, orange-rufous. white midbelly to vent. Bill and legs black. Non-breeding male has upperparts scaled whitish-buff. Female pale brown with two narrow buff wingbars, tail pattern as male. Song, often from tree or bush, occasionally in flight or from rock, a lively unmusical mix of short, harsh, squeaky, buzzy, wheezy and often slurred notes on widely varying pitches. often given in rapid succession, and occasionally with mimicry. Habitat. Rocky scrub, fields with stone walls, edges and glades in sparse dry-ground coniferous woodland in mountains, openings and shrubbery inside forest, stunted trees and tree-line ecotone, to as high as 5400 m. In winter descends to below 2100 m in wetlands, Acacia and Prosopis groves and dunes, dry riverbeds, scrub jungle, juniper woodland, olive groves and orchards. Food and Feeding. Largely insects, especially adult and larval beetles and caterpillars, during summer, but few data. Outside breeding season, fruit and seeds playing a role, considerable in mid-winter. Breeding. Jun-Jul in C Asia and S Siberia. Nest a cup of grass stems and moss on base of twigs. lined with wool and fur, placed on ground under roots or between rocks. Eggs 3-6, pale green with brownish-grey speckles. No other infonnation. Movements. Fully or partially migratory, with unpredictable nomadism in winter. In autumn migrates SW, either crossing or stopping in S Kazakhstan, Turkmenistan, Transcaspian region, Afghanistan and Iran, some reaching NW India and Nepal. Departure from Altai begins late Aug (females up to one month before males) with descent to lower-lying areas, but bulk of movement during Sept, and latest into late Oct. passage in S Kazakhstan early Oct to early Nov and again early Mar to mid-Apr. Passage migrant and winter visitor in Afghanistan mid-Oct to late Mar. Irregular in winter Arabian Gulf and Oman. Spring return to breeding areas can be as early as mid Feb (males 1-2 weeks before females). Status and Conservation. Not globally threatened. Generally fairly common in S Russia. Israel. In Israel straggler. Phoenicurus erythronotus One observed in Golan Heights on 1988.
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