| י 390) שחור זנב | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
:שחור-זנב | . ציפור שיר קטנה, אפורה בעלת זנב שחור המקנה לה את שמה , חלקי גופה העליונים אפורים , אברות כנפיה שחומות בהירות . גחונה אפרפר ובטנה לבנה. המקור אפור-שחור וקצר . הרגלים שחורות וארוכות וזנבה רבוע בית גידולה משתרע בדרום שולי מדבר סהרה לאורך חופי חצי האי ערב . דרך סיני,ישראל, ירדן וסוריה . מקום חיותה באזורים חמים וצחיחים, בעלי גבעות והרים מסולעים . בארץ יציבה ושכיחה למדי באזורים מדבריים ומדבריים למחצה בנגב, בערבה ומדבר יהודה
Subspecies and Distribution.
| C. m. melanura Dead Sea depression S to Sinai and N-W and C Saudi Arabia. C. m. lypura S-E Egypt, E Sudan, and N-E Ethiopia. C. m. airensis N Nigeria, Chad, and W and C Sudan. C. m. neumanni (synonym erlangeri) Arabia S from Mecca. C. m. aussae E Eand N Somalia. C. m. ultima Mali and S Niger. םםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםם םםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםם
Descriptive notes.
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14-16 cm, 13-18 g, wingspan 23-27 cm. Small, rather long-billed and noticeably slim chat with rather uniform grey plumage relieved by black rump and tail. Tail flicked open constantly. Sexes similar, no seasonal variation. HabitatBreeds in warm arid lower latitudes, temperate, subtropical, and tropical. Occurs on arid rocky hills and mountains where there is some scattered scrub but keeping mainly to rocks. Shows preference for thorny bushes in rocky ravines.Habitat. Rocky scrub, fields with stone walls, edges and glades in sparse dry-ground coniferous woodland in mountains, openings and shrubbery inside forest, stunted trees and tree-line ecotone, to as high as 5400 m. In winter descends to below 2100 m in wetlands, Acacia and Prosopis groves and dunes, dry riverbeds, scrub jungle, juniper woodland, olive groves and orchards. Food and Feeding. Mainly insectes, and seeds, also takes ants. Feeds mainly by perching on rocks, trees, and bushes, dropping on to prey on ground. Also by searching vegetation and occasionally in brief hover or aerial-pursuit. Breeding. Mar-Jun in S Sahara, similar in Egypt and Israel, Feb-Sep in Oman. Nest site, crevice in rock. Nest, cup of grass stems and leaves, lined with hair and finer vegetation. 3-4 eggs, sub-elliptical, smooth and fairly glossy, very pale blue, finely speckled red to red-brown, speckles sometimes concentrated at broad end. No further information. Movements. Resident or even sedentary throughout range. In general, however, virtual absence of records anywhere outside breeding range suggests little long-distance movement occurs. Status and Conservation. Not globally threatened. No reported changes in range. Israel. In Israel subspecies C. m. melanura very common resident in desert regions of Negev, Arava and Jurdean Deserts.
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