| י 423) חטפית טורקית | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
:חטפית טורקית | . יש חוקרים המסווגים אותה כתת מין של חטפית לבנת-עורף , חטפית קטנה עד בינונית, הזכר בולט בלובן צוורונו שאינו מתחבר בעורפו . בעל שתו האפור ושולי זנבו הלבנים. הנקבה אפורה בהירה . בית גידולה משתרע מיון דרך קווקז ועד צפון אירן . בית חיותה מדרונות הרים עם עצים נשירים במיוחד עצי אלון . בארץ עוברת אורח נדירה באביב ובסתו בכל רחבי הארץ .
Subspecies and Distribution.
| Ficedula semitotquata Balkan Peninsula to Transcaspia, including Caucasus and Asia Minor. Winters Africa S to Sahara. םםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםם םםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםם
Descriptive notes.
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13 cm, 14 g, wingspan 23-24 cm. Small to medium-sized flycatcher, with plumage pied in breeding male and grey-brown above, buff or grey and white below in non-breeding male, female, and immature, with dark wings and tail. All plumages have white lines on tertials and across wing. Appearance intermediate between F. albicollis and F, hypoleuca, with diagnostic combination in adult male breeding of half-collar, white upper wing-bar, grey rump-patches, and mostly white outer tail feathers. Sexes dissimilar in breeding plumage, marked seasonal variation. Habitat. In south-east warm temperate lower middle latitudes of west Palearctic, finds forest requirements (whitch it shares with Collared Flycatcher) fulfilled mainly on slopes of mountains in belt occupied by mature deciduous trees, notably oak and hornbeam in gorges and at lower level in orchards. Found up to 2000 m on mountain slopes. On plains, uses deciduous riverine forest, also found in ancient beech forest. Food and Feeding. Diet based on flyin insects. feeding habits similar to Spotted Flycatcher, most prey being obtained by sallying out from perch after flaying insect, rarely returns ot same perch. Prey less often taken directly from leaves or branches or from ground. Breeding. Mid Apr to mid Jul in Caucasus. Nest site, natural or artificial hole in tree. Nest cup of dead leaves, dead plant stems, lichens, and moss, lined variously with fine rootlets, grasses, or bark fibre, less commonly hair, feathers, or plant down. 4-5 eggs, sub-elliptical, smooth and slightly glossy, pale blue, unmarked, similar to Collared Flycatcher. Incubation13-14 days, by female. Movements. Trans-Saharan migrant. Relatively small and circumscribed population, combined with identification difficulties and its common designation as race of Collared Flycatcher, result in incomplete knowledge of routes and winter quarters. Thus probably under-recorded almost everywhere. In particular, exceedingly few reliable sightings from any country where thought to winter. Wintering limited to comparatively small area in East Africa, from S Sudan through W Uganda to Tanzania and S to Njombe. Status and Conservation. Not globally threatened. Israel. In Israel subspecies Ficedula semitorquata rare autumn and scarce to locally uncommon spring passage migrant throughout the country.
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