י 443) קנית אירופית

Great Reed-Warbler
Great Reed-Warbler
Great Reed-Warbler










Acrocephalus arundinaceus
Acrocephalus arundinaceus
Acrocephalus arundinaceus


:קנית אירופית
. הגדולה מבין הסבכיים, כמעט בגודל של קיכלי רונן
, גבה חום-זית, הגחון ערמוני בהיר, גבת העין בהירה ובולטת
. המקור עבה, מגושם וקצר יחסית
. בית גידולה משתרע על פני אירופה מלבד צפונה, ועד למרכז אסיה
. אזורי מחיתה חישות קנים וסוף ליד מקוי מים מתוקים
. בארץ עוברת אורח שכיחה ברוב חלקי הארץ
. מבקרת חורף נדירה ביותר ומבקרת קיץ נדירה בעיקר בצפון
Subspecies and Distribution.
A. a. arundinaceus N-W Africa, Europe, turkey, and Levant, E to Transcaucasia, Caspian Sea, and Volga basin.
A. a. zarudnyi N Iraq, Iran, and E from Caspian Sea in S Afghanistan and Uzbekistan to Altai, N-W Mongolia, W Sinkiang, and Tadzhikistan
A. a. griseldis Iraq, from Baghdad area to Al Faw.
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Descriptive notes.
19-20 cm, 25-30 g, wingspan 25-29 cm. Large and long strong-billed warbler with nondescript plumage typical of unstreaked Acrocephalus but at times bold behaviour.
European and Mediterranean race, nominate, upperparts generally warm olive-brown, with crown slightly darker than mantle, rump and upper tail-coverts fawnier than back, and wing-coverts and inner flight-feathers slightly edged rufous. Face pattern with cream to buff supercilium from just behind bill to no more than half-way along ear-coverts, dusky eye-stripe, and brown lore and ear-coverts.
Birds thus has strong, even stern expression. sexes rather similar, slight seasonal variation.
Habitat. Breeds in middle latitudes of west Palearctic, in both cool and warm and arid and moist climates, mainly in temperate, steppe, and Mediterranean zones. In west, occurs mainly in lowland, even in some zones in Switzerland and USSR on mountain lakes up to 2000 m.
Mostly concentrated in aquatic vegetation emerging from shallow standing water, fresh or brackish, especially in strong, tall, and dense reeds fringing banks or swamps, or islanded above the shallow bottoms of lakes or sluggish rivers.
Food and Feeding.
Mainly insects, with some spiders, snails, and small vertebrates, some fruits and berries outside breeding season. Feeding techniques not as well studied as in other Acrocephalus. Composition of diet and visual observations suggest that most prey caught in short leaps as bird moves through vegetation, searching leaves and stems carefully. Mobile, flying prey caught by usinglong jumps or leaps, or flycatching techniques, akin to leap-catching and fly-catching.
Breeding.
Mid Mar to mid Jun central and western Europe, early May in southern Europe.
Nest site, dense stands of mostly reed in water. Preference for areas with thick reed stems. Nest attached to several stems.
3-6 eggs sub-elliptical, smooth and glossy, pale green, blue, or blue-green, occasionally white, spotted, sometimes speckled dark brown, olive-green, and pale blue-grey. Incubation 13-15 days, by female only.
Movements.
All populations migratory. Nominate arundinaceus, zarudnyi, and griseldis winter in Africa S of Sahara, orientalis in S-E Asia.
Status and Conservation.
Not globally threatened. Has decreased in many parts of west Palearctic range.
Israel.
In Israel two subspecies A. a. arundinaceus the more frequent on passage in northern valleys, and
A. a. zarudnyi small numbers on passage mainly in eastern parts, and Eilat.

A. a. arundinaceus
in Israel

A. a. zarudnyi
in Israel

A. a. griseldis

A. a. orientalis

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