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י 446) שיחנית קטנה

Olivaceous Warbler
Olivaceous Warbler
Olivaceous Warbler












Hippolais pallida
Hippolais pallida
Hippolais pallida


:שיחנית קטנה
. בינונית בגודלה, חלקי גופה העליונים בצבע אפור-חום-זית אחיד
. מצחה שטוח ומקורה הארוך יחסית נראה כמתמשך בקו ישר ממנו
. טבעת העין לבנה ופס העין הבהיר נמשך מהמקור עד לעורף
. גחונה אפרפר בהיר ואברות הכנף והזנב כהות
. בית גידולה משתרע באזור הים התיכון, האזור האירנו-טורני ובצפון מזרח אפריקה
בית חיותה שיחים וחורשים דלילי עצים, החל מאזורים מדבריים למחצה
. דרך שדות ופארקים, לאורך מקוי מים וערוצי נחלים ואף בתוך ערים
. בארץ עוברת אורח שכיחה ביותר ומבקרת ודוגרת קיץ שכיחה
Subspecies and Distribution.
H. p. palida Egypt in Nile delta and valley, Suez Canal area, and desert oases of W Egypt.
H. p. elaeica S-E Europe and S-W Asia.
H. p. reiseri Algeria, Tunisia and Libya possihly also SE Morocco.
H. p. laeneni Niger, C and E Chad, Nigeria, N Cameron and Nile valley of Sudan.
H. p. alulensis IN Somalia.
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Descriptive notes.
12-14 cm, 10-12 g, wingspan 18-21 cm. Medium-sized to quite large warbler, with rather long to long bill, flat crown, rather short wings, and sturdy legs.Plumage recalls Garden Warbler, dull grey or brown above and dull white below, with dull supercilium, brighter eye-ring, pale edges to inner flight-feathers,and pale edges and corners to tail.
Generally least marked warbler, never showing clear yellow tones. Sexes similar, no seasonal variation.
Habitat. Breeds in lower middle latitudes of west Palearctic, and accordingly experiencing warmer mainly Mediterranean and steppe climate, ranging to subtropics. Seems to breed in lower shrubs and in drier surroundings than other Hippolais, including shrub growth in steppe and semi-desert, and among scattered broad-leaved or coniferous trees on dry river valleys, also parks and gardens.
Food and Feeding.
Chiefly insects, also fruit in late summer. Forages restlessly among foliage, generally within upper half of bushes and trees, feeding in canopy rather than on it, and taking insects while perched or in flight. Also drops to ground to collect prey.
Breeding.
May-Jul in N-W Africa, May-Jun in Cyprus and Levant, May in Greece. Nest site, in tree, bush, creeper, etc.
Nest, well built cup of small twigs, grass, plant stems, lined with finer material including hair, rootlets, and some plant down.
2-5 eggs, sub-elliptical, smooth and glossy, pale grey-white, occasionally tinged pink, sparingly spotted and speckled black. Incubation 11-13 days, usually by female only.
Movements.
European and Asian populations migratory, some African populations sedentary at shout of range.
Iberian and N-W African race opaca winters in W Africa from Senegal E to N Cameroon and perhaps S Chad.
S-E European and S-W Asia race elaeica winters in east and north-east Africa.
Egytian race pallida, moves south to winter mostly in Sudan.
Status and Conservation.
Not globally threatened. Has spread in Balkans, Hungary, ussr and Egypt.
Israel.
In Israel three subspecies H. p. elaeica abundant on passage and very common breeding summer visitor.
H. p. tamariceti scarce migrants through Eilat in spring. and H. p. pallida very rare on spring passage.

in Israel




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