| י 429) תפר | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
:תפר | . ציפור קטנה, בולטת במעופה הגבוה המלווה בציוץ בעל צליל אחד , חלקי הגוף העליונים חומים-צהבהבים ומפוספסים בפסים שחומים . הגרון לבנבן, החזה והגחון בגוון קרם. הזנב קצר ומדורג בעל 12 אברות, קצר ומדורג . לאברות המרכזיות כתם שחור בקצה . בית גידולו משתרע בצורה מקוטעת מאפריקה הטרופית למזרח אסיה ועד לאוסטרליה . ומצפון אפריקה לדרום אירופה והמזרח התיכון . מקום חיותו גדות מקוי מים מתוקים מלווים צמחיה, ביצות, שדות יבשים ואף לצידי דרכים . בארץ יציב ומצוי בצפון הארץ ומרכזה
Subspecies and Distribution.
| C. j. juncidis Mediterranean France, Corsica, and Sardinia E to Crete and W Turkey also Egypt. C. j. cisticola W France, Iberia, Balearic Is, and N-W Africa. C. j. neuroticusCyprus, Levant, Iraq, and W Iran. C. j. uropygialis Senega, Eritrea, ethiopia,SW Arabia and Kenya. C. j. perennius Congo, Uganda, Kenya, tanzania, including islands of Zanzibar, Pemba and Mfia. C. j. terrestris Gabon, congo, Angola, DRCongo and Tanzania to S Spith Africa. C. j. cursitans Afghanistan, Pakistan N Myanmar, S China S to India and Sri Lanka. C. j. salimalii SW India. C. j. omalurus Sri Lanka. C. j. malaya S Myanmar, Thailand, Malay Peninsula, Nicobar Is, Sumatra and Java. C. j. brunniceps Korea, Japanand N Philippines. C. j. tinnabulans SE China, Taiwan, Indochina and Philippines. C. j. nigrostriatus Culion and Palawan (W Philipines). C. j. fuscicapilla E Java and Lesser Sundas. C. j. constans Sulawesi C. j. leanyeri N Australia coastal. C. j. normani NW Queensland. C. j. laveryi C Queensland coast and S New Guinea. םםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםם םםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםם
Descriptive notes.
|
10 cm, 7-9 g, wingspan 12-14 cm. Except for Goldcrest, smallest of west Palearctic Sylviidae, with stumpy fan-tail. Essentially buff, with heavy dark streaks above and paler throat and vent, pale area round eye, and black and white tips to tail-feathers. Sexes similar, little seasonal variation. Habitat. In west Palearctic, habitat lies primarily in Mediterranean and neighbouring warm temperate lowlands, both continental and oceanic, but basically a bird of tropical grasslands, often those subject to destructive seasonal fires. Belongs to the savanna rather than the swamp species, yet occupies wet as well as dry habitats, almost always, however, dominated by grasses or other plants, not stiff or woody, and below 1 m tall. Food and Feeding. Chiefly insects, taken on or near ground. Breeding. Apr-Aug in Spain and N Africa, Apr-Sep in Normandie, Apr-Oct in Japan. Nest site, low down in marshy vegetation, typically clumps of grass, rushes, etc. Nest, elongated pear or bottle-shaped structure with entrance at or towards top, made of grasses bound together with cobwebs, lined with more cobwebs, flowers,hair, and down. 4-6 egg, short oval or sub-elliptical, smooth and glossy, very variable white or light blue ground-color, unspotted or with specks or larger blotches of red, purple, or black, from sparse to dense. Incubation 12-13 days by female only. Movements. Chiefly sedentary but dispersive, also eruptive, with northern limits of range varying with temperature fluctuations. Status and Conservation. Not globally threatened. Has spread north and west in western Europe. Israel. In Israel two subspecies C. j. neurotica the main form in most parts of the country, and C. j. juncidis part of the population breeding in western Israel.
HOME |
NEXT
| | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||