| י 455) סבכי שחור-ראש | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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:סבכי שחור-ראש . סבכי צנום, קטן עד בינוני, בעל מקור מחודד, כנפים קצרות וזנב ארוך . על פניו השחורות בולטת טבעת העין האדומה. אברות זנבו החיצוניות לבנות . ראשו שחור נוצץ, שאר חלקי גופו העליונים אפורים כהים, סנטרו לבן וגחונו לבן-מלוכלך . לנקבה ראש אפור כהה, חלקי הגוף העליונים אפרפרים חומים והגחון בהיר בית גידולו משתרע באזור אגן ים התיכון מספרד ועד טורקיה . דרך ישראל וצפון אפריקה עד מרוקו , בית חיותו אזורי חוף יבשים בעלי שיחים יערות וחורשים דלילים . גנים ופארקים ובמקומות מסוימים אף בתוככי ערים . בארץ יציב שכיח ודוגר קיץ, בצפון ומרכז הארץ
Subspecies and Distribution. | S. m. melanocephala southern Europe, western Turkey, north-west Africa and Libya. S. m. leucogastra Canary Islands. S. m. valverdei Morocco and Western Sahara. S. m. momus Levant. S. m. norrisae Faiyum (Egypt) apparently extinct םםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםם םםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםם
Descriptive notes.
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13-14 cm, 10-11 g, wingspan 15-18 cm. Rather small to medium-sezed, slim warbler, with spiky bill, short wings, long tail, and alert angry expression due to frequently steep forehead and red eye and bare ring set in dark pace. Male black on head and dusky elsewhere above, offpwhite with dusky-washed flank below. Female dusky-brown above, dirty brown and white below. Both sexes have dark tail with white edges and corners. Sexes disimilan, little seasonal variation. Habitat. Breeds in Mediterranean zone. Mainly in dry coastal regions and on islands, generally at low elevations. Equally at home in crowns of close-growing trees, tall undergrowth or maquis away from trees, low shrubs and garigue, or even in herb layer or on ground, not excluding bare rocks and clifftops. Indifferent to nearness of dwellings and human activities. Food and Feeding. Chiefly insects, but also fruit in autumn and winter. In south of breeding range, fruit predominates in diet for much of the year. Feeds mainly in low scrub but also on ground and in canopy. Spends less time on ground than Marmora's Warbler but much more than and other warbler. Breeding. Mid Mar to late Apr in S-W Europe, mid Feb to mid Jul in Malta, Late Apr to mid Jun in Greece, and early Apr to eatly Jun in N-W Africa. Nest site, in low scrub, tall grasses, brambles, etc, up tp 1,8 m above ground. Nest, compact cup of grass leaves and stems, plant stalks, vegetable down, and cobwebs, lined with finer grasses and some rootlers, usually with distinct thicker rim. 3-5 eggs, sub-elliptical smooth and glossy, very variable in color and markings. White often tinged green, pink, or buff, profusely spotted, speckled, and blotched brown, olive, grey, buff, or red-brown, markings sometimes concentrated at broad end. Incubation 12-15 days, by both sexes, but female sitting on average twice as long as male during day. Movements. Varies from partially migratory to sedentary in different parts of range. Canary Islands race, and extinct Egyptian race are apparently sedentary. European and N-W African race, nominate, winter quarters include much of breeding range, with, at Ardeche, southern France, and Monti Berici, northern Italy, and extend south in Africa. Status and Conservation. Not globally threatened. Locally abundant and not under any immediate threat. Israel. In Israel two subspecies S. m. momus a common resident in N-C parts, and fairly common during migration in most of the country, and S. m.melanocephala rare winter visitor mainly in southern parts.
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