| י 512) חצוצרן חרמון | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
:חצוצרן חרמון | . גדול למדי, מקורו גדול, נוהג לבלות הרבה על הקרקע ומעופו קפצני . בולט בצבע הורוד על כנפיו, לחייו, שתו וזנבו . לזכר קודקוד חום שחרחר. רגליו כהות . הצבע הורוד של הנקבה בהיר יותר , בית גידולו משתרע בצורה מקוטעת באזור האירנו-טורני . ממרכז טורקיה דרך אירן לאפגניסטן בדרום עד לחרמון . תת המין השני נמצא בהרי האטלס . בית חיותו, צלעות ופסגות של הרים סלעיים ודלי צמחיה . בארץ דוגר מצוי בחרמון
Subspecies and Distribution. | R. s. sanguinea Levant, Turkey, and Caucasus area E to Tien Shan and Tarbagatay mountains. R. s. aliena N-W Africa. םםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםם םםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםם
Descriptive notes.
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14-16 cm, 30-33 g, wingspan 30-34 cm. Quite large, heavy-billed, robust, ground-haunting finch, with bounding flight and calls recalling Woodlark. Restricted to rocky mountainsides and summits above 1500 m in breeding season. At any distance, appears nondescript dark brown but at close range displays strikingly pink, dark-rimmed wings, dark crown, and intricate pattern of face markings and body spotting. Male shows pink basal patches and white tips to tail. Sexes somewhat dissimilar, no seasonal variation. Habitat. Largely complementary to Trumpeter Finch, being situated somewhat further north, in warm temperate zone, and ranging over higher altitudes. Found on bare eroded mountains, virtually devoid of vegetation, or on bare pebbly slopes or in tree-shrub mountain zone with stands of juniper. Occurs both on rocky and clay slopes, and on sand. In Israel, found on rocky slopes with sparse vegetation, nesting above 1900 m primarily in low bushes but also among rocks and on cliff ledges. Food and Feeding. Diet comprises seeds of low vegetation, a few invertebrates in breeding season. Forages mostly on bare rocky ground, scree, snowfields, etc., or in and around desert type tussocky herbs and shrubs, in manner described as slow and heavy, taking seeds of limited range of plants, principally Chenopodiaceae, Boraginaceae, Cruciferae, and Compositae, also in overgrown gardens, sown fields, and in settlements, particularly in winter, where flocks feed. Breeding. Aug-Apr in britain and Ireland and S Scotland, mid Jan to mid May in Finland, Sep-Dec in Switzerland, Nov-Jun in Morocco. Nest site, high conifer, usually standing isolated or at woodland edge, generally close to top of tree, covered from above by overhanging twigs. Nest foundation of dead conifer twigs, strips of deciduous bark, moss, lichen, etc., lined with dry grass, decayed wood, plant down, hair, wool, and sometimes feathers. 3-4 eggs, sub-elliptical, smooth and slightly glossy. Creamy to bluish-white, very sparsely marked with dark purplish specks, spots, and short scrawls, concentrated at broad end, and violet-grey undermarkings. Incubation,14-15 days, by female only. Movements Short distance migrant in north of range, altitudinal migrant elsewhere. Moroccan race aliena descends below breeding range in Haut and Moyen Atlas. Nominate in Turkey, descends to lower altitude in winter, and occasionally wanders to W Turkey. In Israel, breeds on Mount Hermon in north and not reported elsewhere at any season. Duringpost-breeding dispersal. Status and Conservation. Not globally threatened. No information on trends. Israel. In Israel subspecies R. s. sanguinea quite common local breeding summer visitor, only on rocky Hermon slopes.
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