| י 515) ורדית אירופית | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
:חצוצרן מדבר | קטן יחסית וחסון, מקורו עבה וקצר, בקיץ צבע נוצות הזכר ורדרדים . במצחו וגחונו, עורפו וגבו חומים-ורודים. מקורו מאדים . בחורף צבעי הזכר דהים כמו של הנקבה והמקור מצהיב . בית גידולו משתרע מהאזור האירנו-טורני ועד מרכז אסיה ובאזור הסהרו-סינדי . בית חיותו מדבריות טרשיים וסלעיים דלי צמחיה ובקרבת מקור מים . בארץ יציב שכיח באזורים המדבריים, החצי-מדבריים והערבה . במערב הארץ ובצפון ומרכז הנגב
Subspecies and Distribution. | C. e. erythrinus Europe, E in Siberia to Lena basin, S to Barnaul and Krasnoyarsk areas, grading into ferghanensis in Altai and Sayan mountains (N-W Mongolia), and into grebnitskii in N-E Mongolia. C. e. kubanensis N Turkey, Caucasus, and through N Iran and to Bol'shoy Balkhan and in W Turkmenia. C. e. ferghanensis C Asia, from Afghanistan through Pamir-Alay and Tien Shan, S-W to W Kun Lun and W Himalayas E to Lahul and Rupshu, there grading into roseatus. C. e. roseatus C and E Himalayas and Tibet, to Kansu and S Shensi (S-W China). C. e. gebnitskii Kamchatca and shores of Sea of Okhotsk to N-E China. םםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםם םםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםם
Descriptive notes.
|
14-15 cm, 20 g, wingspan 24-26 cm. Medium-sized, bulbous-billed, quite stocky but long finch, with all plumages except adult male reminiscent of female House Sparrow and Corn Bunting. Adult male drenched scarlet on head, rump, and fore-underparts, female and immature dull olive-brown, softly streaked above and below. All females and immatures show quite marked double wing-bar. Epitome of Holarctic genus but beware confusion with vagrant or escaped congeners. Voice distinctive. Sexes dissimilar, some seasonal variation. Habitat. Extends into west Palearctic mainly in temperate continental climatic zone and in lowlands, but with disjunct population in foothills and mountains of S-E of region. Lowland form now extending much further W. Favoured habitats are thickets near forest edges, forest clearings, and patches of regrowth, groups of shrubs or isolated trees in humid meadows or river valleys, thickets of osier or bird-cherry, and sometimes orchards, or thorn hedges. Food and Feeding. Seeds, buds, and most other parts of plants, some invertebrates. Forages in grass and herbs, on arable land, in bushes, and in trees up to crown. Breeding. May to mid Jun in Moscow region, Jun in Finland, eggs laid 1st half of Jun in N-W England, end of May to beginning of Jul in N-W Kazakhstan. Nest site, low in dense bush or young tree, generally well hidden close to trunk, sometimes in tangle of scrub, herbs, but only very rarely on ground. Nest, untidy, tangled foundation of twigs, stems, and grass, often including dried flowers and stalks, with inner layer of finer grasses lined with rootlets, plant down, sometimes moss and lichen, an where available, often large amounts of horsehair. 4-6 eggts, sub-elliptical, smooth and glossy. Light bluish-green with purplish or blackish-brown spots and hairstreaks at broad end. Incubation, 11-12 days, by female only. Movements Migratory. most populations long-distance migrants. S-E populations in part altitudinal migrants. Migration nocturnal and diurnal. Winters S of breeding range from Pakistan E to E China, S to S India, N Burma, Thailand , and N Laos. W populations nominate, migrate E or S-E in autumn, passing north of Caspian Sea. Status and Conservation. Not globally threatened. Has recently increased very markedly in all areas affected by westward and northward range expansion. Israel. In Israel two subspecies C. e. ubanensis occurs on passage and in winter. C. e. erythrinus apparently a straggler.
HOME |
NEXT
| | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
