| י35) קורמרן ימי | ||||||||||
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:קורמורן ימי . גודלו 70-80 ס"מ מוטת כנפיו עד 110 ס"מ. קטן במקצת ורזה מקורמרן גדול . צווארו ומקורו דקים יותר, קצות כנפיו כההים. הבוגר שחור עם ברק ירוק . בית גידולו משתרע מאיסלנד דרך סקנדינביה, הים התיכון ועד חופי מרוקו . בית חיותו איים מבודדים וסלעיים בלב ים . בארץ נצפה משנת 2005 על אי מול מעגן מיכאל . | ||||||||||
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Subspecies and Distribution.
P. a. aristotelis Iceland and N Scandinavia S to Iberian Peninsula.. P. a. desmarestii C Mediterranean E to Black Sea. P. a. riggenbachi coast of Morocco. | ||||||||||
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Descriptive notes.
65-80 em; c. 2000 g; wingspan 90-105 cm. Length of crest very variable. Non-breeding adult duller, with pale chin and throat mottled brown; lacks crest. Juvenile brown, paler on side of head and underparts, but variable. Races separated on measurements and coloration: races riggenbachi and desmarestii both slightly smaller, with shorter crest and more yellow at base of bill. Habitat. Marine; rarely in estuaries and only exceptionally inland. Has strong preference for rocky coasts and islands. Not normally far from land; forages over sandy or rocky seabeds and in mid-water. Breeds on sea cliffs, rocks and stacks or on ground under protection of boulders or bushes; also on open ground. Roosts on rocks and stacks, or at base of sea cliffs; far less often on beaches or harbour piers. Food and Feeding Almost exclusively fish, from bottom or mid-water: mainly Sandeels, Gadidae, Clupeidae, Cottidae, Trisopterus, Labridae. Feeds mainly by pursuit-diving. Normally fishes alone, and even where flocks form, birds do not fish co-operatively. Breeding. Laying generally early, but dates vary with region, year and age of birds: Nov-Feb in Tunisia, Jan-Mar in Yugoslavia, Mar-Jun in Atlantic; youngest breeders start later, occupy sub-optimum nest-sites and have lower breeding success. Forms sparse colonies. Nests in crevices or caves, on ledges or amongst boulders, often a few metres above sea-level; nest of seaweed, lined with grass; nest frequently reused in successive seaons (93% in males, 41% in females), and pair-bond regularly maintained. Normally 3 eggs (1-6); incubation 30-31 days. Bigamy known to occur. Movements. Sedentary, with post-breeding dispersal, mostly of young birds over short distances. birds moving up to 1000 km from colony. Some colonies totally deserted probably due to lack of food available locally. In Mediterranean and Black Sea limited dispersal. Generally irregular and rare from coast of Belgium to Denmark. Accidental to Israel, Egypt, Iraq and C Europe. Status and Conservation. Not globally threatend. Total population may number c. 100,000 pairs. Israel. n Israel subspecies P. a. desmarestii., Recorded 2005-7 on the same island near Ma'agan Michael. |
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