| י97) מרגון גדול | ||||||||||
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:מרגון גדול , הצוואר והראש של המרגון הגדול והבינוני ירוקים כהים, מקורם ארוך ואדום ניתן להבדיל בינהם בזה שלמרגון הגדול אין ציצית של ממש, וצידי גופו . וחזהו לבנים, לעיתים ורדרדים בית חיותו אגמים ונהרות מהירי זרם, מקנן בחורים שבעצים, לפרקים נתן למצאו . בשפכי נהרות או חופים סלעיים . חורף בעיקר במים מתוקים בפנים היבשת . בארץ מזדמן אקראי נדיר ... רבא איקלע לבי ריש גלותא וטפלו ליה בר אווזא ... פסחים עד, ע"ב | ||||||||||
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Subspecies and Distribution.
M. m. merganser Palearctic, from Iceland to Kamchatka, to C Europe, China and Japan. M. m. orientalis C Asia, from Afghanistan through Tibet and Himalayas to W China. M. m. americanus N America, from Alaska to Newfoundland and USA. םםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםם םםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםם םםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםם | ||||||||||
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Descriptive notes.
60-65 cm, 900-2200 g. wingspan 82-100 cm. Male has eclipse plumage. Female has resemble that M. serrator but larger and with different pattern of secondaries, white chin, brown of head and upperneck sharply demarcated from white lower neck. Juvenile resembles female, but duller, less distinctly patterned and with shorter crest. Subspecies based on small differences, orientalis larger, with thinner bill, americanus has darker base to bill, squarer head, and bases of greater coverts form an obvious black band. Habitat. Freshwater bodies: lakes, pools, bogs, rivers generally in vicinity of trees. In winters on larger rivers unfrozen lakes, and brackish marshes. Food and Feeding Mostly fish. Also aquatic invertebrates, (molluscs, crustaceans insects and worms), amphibians small mammals and birds sometimes a little plant material. Feeds by diving, from surface, after scanning with head submerged. Breeding. Mar-May, in single pairs . Nest in tree hole, and down added. 8-12 eggs, incubation 30-32 days. Chicks have greyish brown down above, whith below. Sexual maturity at 2 years. Movements. Migratory. northernmost breeders descend to winter at lower latitudes, occurring S to Mexico, Mediterranean basin, Black Sea S USSR, S E Asia, occasionally further S. Breeders in more temperate regions mainly sedentary. Status and Conservation. Not globally threatened. Israel. In Israel the subspecies subspecies M. m. merganser Straggler in winter |
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