| י100) איית צרעים | ||||||||||
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:איית צרעים , דומה לעקב החורף, אלא שלזנבה שני פסים כהים סמוך לשתו בנוסף לפס הכהה שבקצה. דקת גו, כנפיה וזנבה ארוכים וצרים יותר . וצוארה ארוך יותר. ראשה קטן ודומה לראש יונה , דואה בכנפים פרושות וגם מרפרפת במקום אחד . אופינית לה גלישה בכנפים נטויות כלפי מטה . מבלה על הקרקע ונוהגת לשדוד קיני דבורים וצרעים . בית גידולה נופי יער וחורשות בעיקר של עצים נשירים . בארץ עוברת אורח מצויה ... ולא שזפתו עין איה ... איוב כח' 7 | ||||||||||
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Subspecies and Distribution.
Pernis apivorus Europe and W Asia, from Spain, France, England, Scandinavia, Russia, Caucasus to Siberia. Winters in Africa S of Sahara.םםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםם םםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםם םםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםם | ||||||||||
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Descriptive notes.
55-60 cm, 500-1000 g. wingspan 145 cm. Polymorphic, with extremely variable coloration. In flight, often shows black carpal patches on underwing,two dark bands at base of tail. Male normally has grey head, female generally darker, with brown head. Juvenile lacks well defined dark edging to wings, secondaries normally dark, breast often streaked dark, eyes brown, narrow inconspicuous bars on tail. Habitat. Forests and woods, preferably deciduous, in temperate and boreal zones. Normally at low or medium altitudes. Winters in Africa in forests and other densely wooded areas. Food and Feeding Mainly wasps and hornets. Feeding on larvae, pupae and adults, some other insects, including bumble-bees, beetles, etc. Also takes small vertebrates, frogs, reptiles and chicks and eggs of small and medium sized birds. Follows wasps in flight to locate their nests, watches them from perch, sometimes catching them in the air. Will remove wasps' nests from trees and dig out ground nests with claws, chunks of chewed wax comb frequently found near nests. Breeding. Jun-Jul, solitary. Nest is platform of twigs lined with fresh leaves which are renewed throughout nesting period, nest in woods. 1-3 eggs, incubation 30-35 days. Chicks have long, buffy grey first down, shorter white second down. Both adults bring food to nest and feed chicks. Movements. Migratory, wintering mainly in equatorial Africa. Leaves breeding zones in Aug-Spt, returjing from Apr to early Jun.European birds cross Straits of Gibraltar, E European birds cross Bosporus passing from Asia to Africa across Grlf of Suez. Status and Conservation. Not globally threatened. Population apparently stable. Israel. In Israel the subspecies Pernis apivorus Abundant passage migrant over much of the country. |
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