| י113) זרון סוף | ||||||||||
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:זרון סוף . הזרון הגדול ביותר באזורנו, דומה מאוד לעקב כנפיו רחבות ומעוגלות, הזכר חום ורק כנפיו וזנבו . צבועים בצבע אפור בהיר, הצעירים בצבע חום כהה לנקבה והמתבגרים ראש בהיר המבדיל אותם משאר . הדורסים באותו הגודל מלבד השלך . בית גידולו ביצות, אגמים, חורשות קני סוף ושדות עשב . בארץ עובר אורח וחורף מצוי ברוב חלקי הארץ . בעבר קינן בצפון | ||||||||||
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Subspecies and Distribution.
C. a. aeruginosus Europe and Asia Minor into C Asia, Mongolia. Winters W S Europe, Africa S of Sahara and India to Sri Lanka. C. a. harteri N W Africa from Morocco to Tunisia. םםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםם םםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםם םםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםם | ||||||||||
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Descriptive notes.
55 cm, 400-800 g wingspan 110-130 cm. Plumage variable. Male generally brown above particularly on back, underparts streaked, but solid dark brown at least on belly and vent. plumage becomes progressively paler with age. Female averages larger, usually brown with yellowish cream crown, throat and forewing. All dark or melanistic morph in some adults. Race harterti has much paler underparts than nominate. Habitat. Areas of dense marsh vegetation, especially reeds and reedmace, in aquatic habitats of both fresh and brackish water, marshes, swamps, and lagoons, sometimes in areas lacking stretches of open water. Food and Feeding. Very wide range of prey, varying with local availability. Prefers small or medium sized birds, and often their chicks and eggs, also mammals, especially rodents and rabbits. To much lesser extent reptiles and fish. Also takes carrion, especially in winter. Characteristic low, buoyant flight over marshy vegetation, attempts to surprise prey, diving on it on ground or water. Breeding Apr-May, till Jun in Europe. Generally monogamous, but males sometimes polygamous. Solitary or in small, loose colonies, almost always in dense marsh vegetation, such as reedbeds. If pair-bond is maintained, pair tends to nest near previous year's site. Nest is pile of reeds, reedmace and rushes, 70 cm wide and of variable depth, built by female, but both adults add material throughout breeding. 3-6 eggs, incubation 30-38 days. Sexual maturity at 2-3 years. Movements. Migratory in N and E Europe and C Asia, sedentary and dispersive in S of breeding range. N breeders winter from France and N Africa through Mediterranean to Turkey, Middle East and Nile Valley, and sub Saharan Africa. Easternmost Asian populations winter in Indian Subcontinent and Sri Lanka. Status and Conservation. Not globally threatened. Population trends have varied in Europe throughout 20th century, but overall decline in numbers and range. Israel. In Israel the subspecies C. a. aeruginosus Common passage migrant and uncommon winter visitor, former breeder in north. |
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