| י107) רחם מדברי | ||||||||||
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:רחם . הקטן בנשרי האזור, צבעו לבן ושחור. כנפיו הלבנות מתוחות בדאיה וקצותיהן שחורות . הזנב בצורת יתד וארוך יחסית, עור הראש החשוף, צהוב ונוצות ראשו וצוארו פרועים . המקור דק יחסית לנשריים הצעירים שחומים בשנתם הראשונה, אבל מידתם הקטנה וצורת זנבם מבדילה . אותם מנשרים כהים. במשך השנים הם מלבינים . בית גידולם נופים גלוים בהרים וגם בשפלות. מתלהקים במידה פחותה מהנשרים הגדולים . מזונו מגוון אפילו אשפה, כאשר מוצא ביצת יען אפשר לראותו שובר את הביצה ע"י הטלת אבנים במקורו . מקננים על דרגשי סלעים . בארץ עובר אורח שכיח, חורף ומקנן נדיר ... ואת הרחם ...ויקרא יא' 18 | ||||||||||
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Subspecies and Distribution.
N. p. percnopterus Europe to C Asia and India, through N Africa, Arabia to Tanzania Angola, Canary Is. and Cape Verde. N. p. ginginianus Nepal and India. םםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםם םםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםם םםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםם | ||||||||||
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Descriptive notes.
60-70 cm, 1500-2250g. wingspan 155-170 cm. Small vulture with uique plumage, resembling Ciconia ciconia, marked contrast, especially underparts, between overall white coloration and black flight feathers, bare yellow face, short, wedge shaped tail, legs greyish white, pink or pale yellow. Juvenile all dark, particularly on unfrtpsrtd. Race ginginianus sligtly smaller, with whole bill yellow. Habitat. Extensive open areas mainly in dry or arid regions, although sometimes around fringe areas of wet or cold climates, steppe desert, scrub, pastures and fields of cereals, requires rocky sites for nesting. normally at low or medim altitudes. Food and Feeding Basically opportunist: able to take very varied types of food. Particularly carrion, including all sorts of dead vertebrates. From small birds to livestock and large wild animals, normally eats only scraps of large carcasses, rejected by other vultures. To lesser degree, preys on small animals, often weak or injured ones. Occasionally birds' eggs, notably Ostrich eggs, breaks these by throwing stones at them. Breeding. Apr-May throughout Mediterranean range. Normally monogamous, rarely forms polyandrous trios. Solitary, in Europe normally at least 1-5 km between pairs. Nests in cliffs, occupying caves or ledges protected by overhang, very occasionally nests in trees. Stick nest up to 1,5 m wide or more, usually lined abundantly with wool, hair, rags and remains of food, but sometimes with scarcely any material. Pairs often have several nests, alternating between them from year to year. 2 eggs, incubation 42 days both adults incubate eggs and feed chicks. Chicks have white down. Sexual maturity at 4-5 years old, can live in captivity 37 years old. Movements. Migratory in N of range,sedentary in Arabia, sub Saharan Africa, Balearic Is and Canary Is, mainly sedentary in Indian Subcontinent. Most migrants cross to Africa at Gibraltar, Suez and Bab al Mandab. Status and Conservation. Not globally threatened. Israel. In Israel the subspecies N. p. percnopterus Fairly common passage migrant, very rare in winter also scarce breeding. |
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