| י140) בז גמד | ||||||||||
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:בז גמד . הקטן מבין דורסי האזור ומכאן שמו . לזכר גחון מפוספס המבדילו מהנץ המצוי , דומה לבז העצים אבל ירכיו בהירות יותר . פס כהה בקצה זנבו וחסר "שפם" . גבה של הנקבה חום ובכך נבדלת מהבז המצוי והבז האדום , מעופו מהיר יותר משל הבז המצוי . לעיתים ניתן לראותו מרפרף במקום אחד , בית גידולו מגוון, ערבות וטונדרות בצפון החסרות עצים . ושטחים עם עצים נשירים. מפני הים ועד קו העצים על ההרים . בארץ עובר אורח וחורף נדיר ... נפק לשכור בזאי ... סנהדרין צ"ה א' | ||||||||||
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Subspecies and Distribution.
F. c. columbarius N America, except Pacific Coast F. c. richardsoni Great Plains, from Alberta to Wyoming. F. c. subaesalon Icland F. c. aesalon N Eurasian from Faeroes to C Siberia. F. c. insignis Siberia E of R Yenisey to R Kolyma F. c. pacificus USSR Far East. F. c. pallidus steppes of Asia, from arl Sea to Altai F. c. lymani C Asia, Turkestan, Russia, China and Mongolia. F. c. suckleyi Pacific coast of N America from Alska and British Colombia to Washington. םםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםם םםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםם םםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםם | ||||||||||
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Descriptive notes.
25-32 cm,150-260 g wingspan 50-65 cm. Stocky, small and dashing falcon. Male has upperparts dark or pale bluish, underparts from dark and heavily streaked to pale buff and lightly streaked, usually conspicuous pale bands in tail. Female browner, without blue tones, plumage generally more uniform, less contrasted than in male. Juvenile similar to female. Races differ in overall plumage tone, suckleyi darkest, pallidus palest, also small difference in size. Habitat. Extremely varied. From boreal forest and tundra to parkland with deciduous trees, shrub steppe, moorland, open prairies and steppes. Occurs in even broader range of habitats on migration, often along sea coasts. Food and Feeding. Mainly small birds during breeding season, larger birds and insects after breeding and during migration, small mammals, shrews and rodents taken especially by young birds in first year. Usually attacks from perch, but also while flying low over ground. Often performs hot pursuit of prey in flight. Breeding Mar-Jun, solitary. Presence of nest helpers and extra-pair copulation both recorded. No nest built, heavy use of old stick nests of other species especially Crows and Picas in trees, also uses cliff ledges or stick nests on ledges or on ground. 3-6 eggs, incubation 27-32 days, by both sexes. Chicks have buffy brownish down on uperparts, grading to white underparts. Sexual maturity at 1 yaer old. Movements. Migratory, except for populations in Iceland, British Is, locally in C Asian mountains, Pacific in N American and locally in Canadian prairies. Generally moves wholly S of breedin range, with southernmost breeding populations tending to migrate shortest distances. In Eurasia moves S to Mediterranean, N Africa, Arabia, Iraq, Iran China,Japan and Korea. In N America moves S to Venezuela, Ecuador and Peru. Status and Conservation. Not globally threatened. Israel. In Israel subspecies F. c. insignis, F. c. aessalon and F. c. pallidus. Fairly rare passage migrant and scarce winter visitor. |
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