| י162) חובה קטנה | ||||||||||
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:חובה קטנה . גודלה כגודל תרנגולת, גבה חום כצבע החול ומנומר בשחור . בתקופת החיזור ראשו וצוארו של הזכר בצבעי אפור, שחור וטבעת לבנה . בזמן עמידתה נראית חומה אבל בשעת מעופה נראית לבנה . בית גידולה שדות מישוריים המצמיחים עשב, שיחים ועצים . לעיתים אזורים מעובדים . בארץ עוברת אורח נדירה, ומבקרת חורף די נדירה ...'מוזכרת בתלמוד כעוף שטהרתו בספק ... חולין ס"ב ב | ||||||||||
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Subspecies and Distribution.
Tetrax tetrax Morocco and Iberia to France, Sardinia and S Italy. Ukraine and SW Russia through Kazakhstan to Kirgizia, NW China and N Iran. Winters Mediterranean through Turkey and Caucasus to Iran, and S Asia.םםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםם םםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםם םםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםםם | ||||||||||
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Descriptive notes.
43-45 cm, 680-975 g. Male has streaked brown crown, blue-grey face shading to black on neck and breast, with broad white V across foreneck and broad white band across breast. Upperparts buffy frown, lightly vermiculated with black, flight-feathers and greater wing coverts white, tail white mottled brown with three bars, undersides white, legs greyish yellow, bill slate. Habitat. Steppe, level or undulating short-gass plains, rich pastureland, fallow areas and certain kids of cultivation, notably legume crops. Birds actively select areas with high diversity of plant species and high abundance of arthropods. Hence, they prefer pasture to arable land, on both counts. Food and Feeding Terrestrial invertebrates especially beetles and grasshoppers. Also much plant material such as flowerheads, seeds, shoots and leaves. Animals may predominate in the summer diet, plants in winter. Breeding Feb-Jun. Nest is a shallow scrape usually in dense short-grass cover. 2-6 eggs, incubation 20-22 days. Chick has buff down with darker brown streaking and mottling. Young remain with female into first autumn. Movements. Sedentary or dispersive in Iberia, Italy and Sardinia. Migratory in france, russia, Kazakhstan and rest of Asia range, where birds observe the same schedule when moving to and from Iran, Azerbaijan and, less regularly, other areas of S Asia. Status and Conservation. Not globally threatened. Total breeding population probably numbers more than 100.000 individuals. Israel. In Israel subspecies Tetrax tetrax. Quite rare winter visitor and very rare passage migrant. |
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